Introduction to Ductile Iron Pipe Systems: Strength, Durability, and Reliability

Ho tloha ha e qala ho sebelisoa ka 1955, phaephe ea tšepe e nang le ductile e bile tharollo e ratoang bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa metsi le metsi a litšila tsa sejoale-joale, e tsebahalang ka matla a eona a ikhethang, ho tšoarella le ho tšepahala ha ho tsamaisa metsi a tala le a nooang, likhoerekhoere, lithōle le lik'hemik'hale tsa ts'ebetso.

E entsoe le ho etsoa ho fihlela maemo a thata ka ho fetisisa indastering, phaephe ea tšepe e ductile ha e mamelle feela mathata a lipalangoang le ho kenngoa empa hape e ipaka e tiile maemong a thata ka ho fetisisa a ts'ebetso. Ho tloha ho hamore ea metsi e tšoarellang ho ea ho ho tšela mobu o leqhoa, ho tsamaea ka liforo tse tebileng, le ho shebana le libaka tse phahameng tsa metsi, libaka tse ngata tsa sephethephethe, litšelo tsa linoka, mehaho ea tšehetso ea liphaephe, liforo tse majoe, esita le mobu o fetohang, o pharaletseng le o sa tsitsang - phaephe ea tšepe e ductile e nyolohela phephetsong.

Ho feta moo, tshepe e ductile e ka phekoloa ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho koahela ho ntlafatsa ponahalo le tšireletso ea eona. Khetho ea ho koahela e etselitsoe ho lumellana le tikoloho e itseng ea ts'ebeletso le likhetho tsa botle. Ka tlase, re hlahloba likhetho tse fapaneng tsa ho koahela tse loketseng tšepe e ductile, ho sebetsana le ho pepesehela bokaholimo ba maemo a sepakapaka le ho kenngoa ka tlas'a lefatše bakeng sa liphaephe tse patiloeng.

Liaparo

Tšepe e qhibilihisitsoeng e fana ka bonolo ba ho phekoloa ka mefuta e fapaneng ea litsamaiso tsa ho roala, tse sebeletsang ntlafatso ea botle le merero ea tšireletso. Khetho ea ho roala e itšetlehile ka litšobotsi tse ikhethang tsa tikoloho ea ts'ebeletso le sephetho se lakatsehang sa botle. Ka tlase, re hlahloba likhetho tse fapaneng tsa ho roala tse loketseng tšepe e qhibilihisitsoeng, ho sebetsana le ho pepesehela bokaholimo ba maemo a sepakapaka le ho kenngoa ka tlas'a lefatše bakeng sa liphaephe tse patiloeng.